Weight Management Library
Evidence-based medical weight management terms explained by Dr Joseph Wang
Acanthosis Nigricans
Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition causing dark, velvety patches — a visible sign of insulin resistance linked to excess weight.
Read more →Active Commuting and Weight
Using walking, cycling, or public transport for daily travel to naturally build physical activity into routines and support healthy weight management.
Read more →Adaptive Thermogenesis
The body's metabolic defence mechanism that disproportionately slows energy expenditure during and after weight loss.
Read more →Added Sugars
Added sugars are sugars and syrups added to foods during processing, which contribute empty calories and are linked to obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease.
Read more →Adipogenesis
The biological process by which the body creates new fat cells from precursor cells, influencing energy storage and metabolism.
Read more →Adipokines
Bioactive signalling proteins secreted by fat cells that regulate metabolism, inflammation, and appetite throughout the body.
Read more →Adipose Tissue
Adipose tissue is the body's specialised fat storage tissue that plays a critical role in energy balance, hormone production, and metabolic health.
Read more →Adjustable Gastric Band
A reversible bariatric procedure using an adjustable silicone band around the stomach to restrict food intake.
Read more →Alcohol and Weight Management
Alcohol adds calories, lowers restraint and stalls fat burning, so cutting back supports weight loss.
Read more →Anorexigenic Signals
Anorexigenic signals are the body's natural "stop eating" messages — chemical messengers that promote fullness and suppress appetite after eating.
Read more →Anti-Inflammatory Diet
A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3s that reduces chronic inflammation and supports healthy weight loss.
Read more →Appetite Regulation
The neuroendocrine system of hormones and brain signals that controls hunger and fullness, targeted by modern weight loss medications.
Read more →Artificial Sweeteners
Artificial sweeteners provide sweetness without calories, and may help reduce sugar intake — but their long-term effects on weight and metabolism are complex.
Read more →Aspiration Therapy
A minimally invasive procedure that removes a portion of stomach contents after meals to reduce calorie absorption.
Read more →Bardet-Biedl Syndrome
A rare genetic ciliopathy characterised by severe early-onset obesity caused by impaired hypothalamic appetite regulation, requiring specialised multidisciplinary care.
Read more →Bariatric Prehabilitation
A structured pre-surgery programme of diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes that prepares patients physically and mentally for bariatric procedures.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery
Surgical procedures that alter the digestive system to promote weight loss.
Read more →Basal Metabolic Rate
Calories your body burns at complete rest — the foundation of energy expenditure.
Read more →Behavioural Therapy for Weight Loss
A psychological approach to weight management that helps change eating habits, identify triggers, and build sustainable healthy behaviours.
Read more →Biliopancreatic Diversion
Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is a major malabsorptive bariatric surgery that reduces nutrient absorption by rerouting the small intestine, producing substantial and sustained weight loss.
Read more →Binge Eating Disorder
A serious eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of uncontrolled overeating.
Read more →Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
A quick, non-invasive test that uses a small electrical signal to estimate your body fat percentage, muscle mass, and hydration levels.
Read more →Blue Light and Weight
Evening blue light from screens disrupts sleep hormones and metabolism, contributing to weight gain — reducing exposure supports weight management.
Read more →BMI
Body Mass Index — a screening tool using height and weight to assess weight status.
Read more →Body Composition Analysis
Measurement of body fat percentage, muscle mass, and distribution.
Read more →Body Dysmorphia
Body dysmorphia is a mental health condition involving obsessive focus on perceived appearance flaws, which can complicate weight-loss efforts.
Read more →Body Fat Percentage
Body fat percentage measures the proportion of body weight from fat, providing a more accurate health picture than BMI alone.
Read more →Body Roundness Index (BRI)
A body shape index that uses waist circumference and height to estimate abdominal fat distribution, providing more accurate health risk assessment than BMI alone.
Read more →Brown Adipose Tissue
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a special type of fat that burns calories to produce heat, playing a unique role in energy expenditure and metabolic…
Read more →Bupropion
Bupropion is a medication that affects brain chemicals linked to appetite and cravings, and may support weight loss when used as part of a comprehensive…
Read more →Caffeine and Weight Management
A mild stimulant that briefly boosts metabolism and curbs appetite but has limited effect on long-term weight loss.
Read more →Cagrilintide
A long-acting amylin analogue given as a weekly injection to enhance feelings of fullness and reduce food intake.
Read more →CagriSema
CagriSema is an investigational combination injection of cagrilintide and semaglutide that targets multiple appetite pathways for enhanced weight loss.
Read more →Caloric Deficit
Consuming fewer calories than your body burns, the foundation of weight loss.
Read more →Capsaicin and Weight Management
The active compound in chilli peppers that may boost calorie burning and reduce appetite as a natural adjunct to weight management.
Read more →Cardiovascular Disease
Heart and blood vessel disease — the leading cause of obesity-related death.
Read more →Cetilistat
Cetilistat is a weight-loss medication that blocks fat absorption in the digestive system, designed to support weight management with fewer side effects.
Read more →Chewing Rate and Satiety
Eating slowly and chewing thoroughly gives your body time to register fullness, helping you consume fewer calories without feeling deprived.
Read more →Chronic Kidney Disease and Obesity
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is gradual loss of kidney function, and obesity is a major risk factor — weight loss can help slow its progression.
Read more →Chrononutrition
The science of how meal timing interacts with your body clock to influence metabolism and weight.
Read more →Circadian Rhythm and Weight
The relationship between your body's internal clock and weight regulation, showing how meal timing and sleep patterns affect metabolism and fat storage.
Read more →Cold-Induced Thermogenesis
Cold-induced thermogenesis activates brown fat to burn calories for heat, offering a modest metabolic boost that can complement weight management efforts.
Read more →Contrave
A prescription combination medication (naltrexone/bupropion) that reduces hunger and food cravings for weight management.
Read more →Cortisol
Cortisol is the body's primary stress hormone, and chronically elevated levels can promote belly fat storage and increased appetite.
Read more →Cryolipolysis
A non-surgical fat freezing treatment that destroys fat cells in small, targeted areas of the body.
Read more →Culinary Medicine
An evidence-based approach that combines nutrition science with practical cooking skills to help patients make healthier food choices for long-term weight management.
Read more →Cushing's Syndrome
A hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels, leading to rapid central weight gain.
Read more →DASH Diet
The DASH Diet focuses on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy to reduce blood pressure and support healthy weight management.
Read more →De Novo Lipogenesis
The metabolic process where your liver converts excess carbohydrates into stored fat.
Read more →Depression and Obesity
Depression and obesity have a bidirectional relationship — each increases the risk and severity of the other, requiring integrated treatment.
Read more →DEXA Scan
A DEXA scan is a low-radiation imaging test that precisely measures bone density, body fat percentage, and lean muscle mass to guide weight management.
Read more →Diabesity
The close link between obesity and type 2 diabetes, where losing weight is key to controlling blood sugar.
Read more →Dietary Fibre
Dietary fibre is the indigestible part of plant foods that promotes fullness, supports gut health, and aids weight management.
Read more →Dietary Protein
A key nutrient that preserves muscle, promotes fullness, and supports healthy weight loss.
Read more →Diethylpropion
A short-term prescription appetite suppressant that helps jump-start weight loss by reducing hunger signals in the brain.
Read more →Digital Health Tools for Weight Loss
Digital health tools like apps, wearables, and telehealth can support weight loss through self-monitoring and accountability, especially when combined with professional medical guidance.
Read more →Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Dulaglutide (Trulicity) is a once-weekly GLP-1 injection for type 2 diabetes that also supports meaningful weight loss.
Read more →Duodenal Mucosal Resurfacing (DMR)
A minimally invasive endoscopic procedure that renews the duodenal lining to improve the bodys hormonal response to food and help control blood sugar.
Read more →Duodenal Switch
A combined restrictive and malabsorptive bariatric procedure that produces the greatest weight loss among all surgical options for severe obesity.
Read more →Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Liner (EndoBarrier)
A removable intestinal sleeve placed by endoscopy that mimics gastric bypass hormone changes to reduce appetite and improve blood sugar.
Read more →Dyslipidaemia
Dyslipidaemia is an imbalance of blood fats — high bad cholesterol or triglycerides — that increases heart disease risk and often improves with weight loss.
Read more →Eating Frequency
Eating frequency — how many meals you eat per day — matters less for weight than total caloric intake and food quality, though irregular patterns…
Read more →Eating Rate
The speed at which you eat meals — faster eating is linked to higher calorie intake and weight gain because the brain needs about 20…
Read more →Emotional Eating
Using food to cope with emotions rather than physical hunger.
Read more →Endoscopic Gastric Remodelling
A non-surgical, incisionless procedure that reshapes the stomach through an endoscope to reduce its capacity and support weight loss.
Read more →Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty
A non-surgical, incisionless weight-loss procedure that reduces stomach size using an endoscope and internal sutures.
Read more →Energy Balance
The fundamental principle of weight management describing the relationship between calories consumed and calories burned through daily functions and physical activity.
Read more →Energy Density
Energy density is the number of calories per gram of food — choosing lower-density foods helps you feel full while controlling calorie intake.
Read more →Energy Flux
Energy flux is the rate of energy turnover in your body — high flux supports better weight control and metabolic health.
Read more →Environmental Design for Weight Loss
The practice of arranging your surroundings to make healthy eating and activity choices the easiest and most natural option.
Read more →Exenatide (Byetta)
The first FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonist, originally derived from Gila monster saliva — a twice-daily injection that improves blood sugar and supports weight loss.
Read more →Exercise Physiology
How physical activity affects body weight, metabolism, and health.
Read more →Exercise Snacking
Exercise snacking involves short, 1–2 minute bursts of vigorous activity spread throughout the day to improve fitness and metabolism.
Read more →Fat-Free Mass
Fat-Free Mass is everything in your body that is not fat — muscles, bones, organs, and water. Preserving it during weight loss is essential to…
Read more →Fatty Liver Disease
Accumulation of fat in liver cells, strongly associated with obesity.
Read more →Foetal Programming of Obesity
Foetal programming describes how maternal health during pregnancy can influence a child's lifelong obesity risk through epigenetic changes.
Read more →Food Addiction and Obesity
Food addiction is a pattern of compulsive overeating driven by the same brain reward pathways involved in substance addiction, and it is increasingly recognised as…
Read more →Food Cravings
Intense, selective urges to eat specific foods, driven by brain chemistry rather than true hunger.
Read more →Food Labels and Weight Management
The skill of reading nutrition labels to make informed food choices that support weight loss goals.
Read more →Food Reward
Food reward is the brain pleasure and motivation response to eating, especially processed foods that can override fullness signals and drive overeating.
Read more →Gallstones
Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that form in the gallbladder — obesity and rapid weight loss both increase the risk of developing them.
Read more →Gastric Balloon
A non-surgical weight loss procedure placing a soft balloon in the stomach.
Read more →Gastric Botox
An endoscopic procedure using botulinum toxin injections into the stomach to slow gastric emptying and reduce appetite.
Read more →Gastric Bypass
Gastric bypass is a surgical weight-loss procedure that reduces stomach size and reroutes the intestine, leading to significant and lasting weight loss.
Read more →Gastric Electrical Stimulation
An implanted pacemaker-like device that sends pulses to the stomach to promote fullness and delay emptying.
Read more →Gastric Plication
A reversible weight loss surgery that folds and stitches the stomach to reduce its size without removing tissue.
Read more →GERD
GERD is a chronic acid reflux condition that is common with excess weight and often improves significantly with weight loss.
Read more →GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
A class of medications that mimic the GLP-1 hormone to regulate appetite and blood sugar.
Read more →Glycaemic Load
Glycaemic load measures how much a typical serving of food actually raises blood sugar — a more practical tool than glycaemic index alone.
Read more →Gout
Gout is a painful arthritic condition linked to high uric acid, and weight loss can significantly reduce the frequency of attacks.
Read more →Gut Microbiome
The trillions of bacteria in your digestive system that influence metabolism, appetite, and weight regulation.
Read more →Gut-Brain Axis
The two-way communication network between your gut and brain that regulates hunger, fullness, and metabolism.
Read more →Habit Stacking
A behavioural technique that pairs a new healthy habit with an existing routine to make lifestyle changes easier and more sustainable.
Read more →HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin)
A blood test that measures your average blood sugar over two to three months, a key marker of metabolic health during weight loss.
Read more →Health Screening
Comprehensive medical check-up to assess weight-related health risks.
Read more →High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
HIIT alternates short bursts of intense exercise with rest — a time-efficient way to burn fat and boost metabolism for hours afterwards.
Read more →Hydration and Weight Management
How adequate water intake supports weight loss by boosting metabolism, reducing calorie intake, and replacing high-calorie beverages.
Read more →Hyperinsulinaemia
A condition of chronically elevated blood insulin levels that promotes fat storage and complicates weight loss.
Read more →Hyperphagia
A medical condition characterised by abnormally intense and persistent hunger that contributes to weight gain and requires clinical evaluation.
Read more →Hypertension
High blood pressure — a common condition often linked to excess weight.
Read more →Hyperuricaemia and Obesity
Hyperuricaemia — elevated blood uric acid — is strongly linked to obesity and can lead to gout; weight loss helps lower uric acid levels naturally.
Read more →Hypothalamic Obesity
Hypothalamic obesity is weight gain caused by damage to the hypothalamus, the brain centre for hunger control, leading to relentless appetite and metabolic disruption.
Read more →Hypothyroidism
An underactive thyroid gland that slows metabolism and can contribute to weight gain and difficulty losing weight.
Read more →Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH)
Raised pressure inside the skull linked to obesity, causing headaches and vision problems that often improve with weight loss.
Read more →Incretin-Based Therapies
Incretin-based therapies are a class of medications that mimic gut hormones to lower blood sugar, suppress appetite, and promote significant weight loss.
Read more →Infertility and Obesity
Obesity can disrupt hormonal balance and ovulation in both men and women, making it harder to conceive — but weight loss can significantly improve fertility…
Read more →Insulin Resistance
A condition where cells do not respond well to insulin, driving weight gain.
Read more →Intermittent Fasting
An eating pattern cycling between periods of eating and fasting.
Read more →Intuitive Eating
Eating guided by your body's natural hunger and fullness signals rather than strict diet rules.
Read more →Jejunoileal Bypass
Jejunoileal bypass was a historical malabsorptive weight-loss surgery abandoned due to severe complications — a milestone in bariatric surgery evolution.
Read more →Ketogenic Diet
A very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that induces ketosis, causing the body to burn fat for fuel and often producing rapid initial weight loss.
Read more →Lipid Profile
A lipid profile is a blood test measuring cholesterol and triglycerides — a key screening tool to assess heart disease risk during weight management.
Read more →Lipidema
Lipidema is a chronic condition causing painful, abnormal fat accumulation mainly in the legs and arms, often mistaken for simple obesity.
Read more →Lipodystrophy
A group of rare disorders causing abnormal fat distribution and severe metabolic complications from impaired fat storage.
Read more →Lipohypertrophy
Lipohypertrophy is abnormal fat accumulation at insulin injection sites that can interfere with diabetes management and complicate weight loss efforts.
Read more →Lipolysis
The biological process of breaking down stored fat into usable energy, driven by a caloric deficit and regulated by hormones like insulin and adrenaline.
Read more →Liposuction
Liposuction is a cosmetic fat-removal procedure for body contouring — not a weight-loss treatment or obesity solution.
Read more →Lipotoxicity
The damaging effects of excess fat accumulation in organs like the liver, pancreas, and muscles — a key mechanism linking obesity to diabetes and organ…
Read more →Liraglutide (Saxenda)
A daily injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist that reduces appetite and promotes weight loss in adults with obesity.
Read more →Lorcaserin
A selective serotonin receptor agonist that reduces appetite by activating satiety pathways in the brain, withdrawn in 2020 after long-term safety review.
Read more →Low-Glycaemic Diet
A low-glycaemic diet focuses on foods that cause a slow, steady rise in blood sugar, helping with appetite control, sustained energy, and more effective weight…
Read more →Macronutrients
The three main nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats — all essential for health.
Read more →Mazindol
Mazindol is an appetite suppressant that works on the brain hunger control centre, historically used for short-term weight management in resistant cases.
Read more →Meal Prepping
A structured food preparation strategy that makes healthy eating convenient by preparing meals in advance.
Read more →Mediterranean Diet
A balanced, evidence-based eating pattern rich in vegetables, olive oil, fish, and whole grains — recommended for sustainable weight management and metabolic health.
Read more →Medium-Chain Triglycerides
Medium-chain triglycerides are fats that bypass normal digestion, providing quick energy and modestly boosting metabolism and satiety for weight management support.
Read more →Menopause and Weight Gain
Weight gain driven by declining oestrogen during menopause — shifts fat storage to the abdomen, slows metabolism, and increases cardiometabolic risk.
Read more →Metabolic Adaptation
The body's natural slowing of metabolism in response to weight loss.
Read more →Metabolic Flexibility
Metabolic flexibility is the body's ability to switch between burning carbohydrates and fats — poor flexibility is linked to weight gain and insulin resistance.
Read more →Metabolic Health
How well your body regulates blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure, a fuller measure of health than weight alone.
Read more →Metabolic Syndrome
A cluster of conditions that increase risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
Read more →Metformin
Metformin is a diabetes medication that can support modest weight loss by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing liver sugar production.
Read more →Mindful Eating
Mindful eating is the practice of paying full attention to eating experiences to recognise hunger cues and break emotional eating patterns.
Read more →Mini Gastric Bypass (OAGB)
The Mini Gastric Bypass (OAGB) is a simplified weight loss surgery using a single connection to reduce stomach size and calorie absorption, with strong long-term…
Read more →Morning vs Evening Exercise
Morning exercise may enhance fat burning and consistency, while evening exercise may boost strength and performance — the best time is the one you can…
Read more →Movement Breaks
Short bursts of light activity taken throughout the day to break up long periods of sitting — improves blood sugar control and boosts daily calorie…
Read more →Naltrexone
Naltrexone is an opioid blocker that, combined with bupropion, helps reduce food cravings and support medically supervised weight loss.
Read more →NEAT (Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
The calories burned through everyday non-exercise activities like walking, standing, and household chores.
Read more →Night Eating Syndrome
Night Eating Syndrome is a condition where a person consumes a large portion of daily calories after dinner or during the night, often with morning…
Read more →Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
NASH is the inflammatory, progressive form of fatty liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis — weight loss of 7–10% is the most effective treatment.
Read more →Obesity
A chronic medical condition defined by excessive body fat that increases health risks.
Read more →Obesity Classification (Class I, II, III)
A BMI-based grading of obesity severity that guides which weight-loss treatments are appropriate.
Read more →Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome
A serious breathing disorder in people with severe obesity where excess weight restricts lung function.
Read more →Obesity Paradox
The observation that overweight or mildly obese patients with certain chronic diseases may have better survival — highlighting the complexity of weight-health relationships.
Read more →Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy
Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy is kidney damage caused by excess weight, leading to protein leakage and progressive decline in kidney function.
Read more →Obesogenic Environment
An obesogenic environment is a setting that promotes weight gain through easy access to unhealthy food and barriers to physical activity.
Read more →Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Weight
Omega-3 fatty acids are healthy fats found in fish and certain plant oils that reduce inflammation, support metabolism, and may enhance the body composition benefits…
Read more →Orexigenic Signals
Orexigenic signals are the body's natural "eat more" messages — hormones and brain chemicals that drive hunger and food intake.
Read more →Orforglipron
An oral GLP-1 receptor agonist in development that mimics natural hunger-regulating hormones without injections.
Read more →Osteoarthritis
Joint degeneration worsened by excess weight, particularly in knees and hips.
Read more →Oxyntomodulin
A gut hormone that reduces appetite and is being developed as a new injectable treatment for obesity.
Read more →Panbesy
A prescription appetite suppressant used for short-term weight management under medical supervision.
Read more →PCOS
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome — a hormonal disorder common in women, linked to weight.
Read more →Peptide YY (PYY)
A gut hormone released after eating that signals fullness to the brain and reduces appetite.
Read more →Phendimetrazine
A short-term prescription appetite suppressant used as part of a medically supervised weight loss programme.
Read more →Phentermine
Phentermine is a short-term prescription appetite suppressant used alongside diet and exercise for medically supervised weight loss.
Read more →Plant-Based Diets for Weight Management
Eating patterns centred on plant foods that support weight loss through lower calorie density and higher satiety.
Read more →Portion Control
Portion control is the practice of managing the amount of food you eat at each meal, a proven behavioural strategy for reducing calorie intake without…
Read more →Post-Bariatric Hypoglycaemia
A complication of weight loss surgery where blood sugar drops too low after eating, caused by an exaggerated insulin response to rapid food transit.
Read more →Prader-Willi Syndrome
A rare genetic disorder causing constant extreme hunger, slow metabolism, and lifelong weight management challenges.
Read more →Pramlintide
A synthetic amylin analogue injection that slows gastric emptying and promotes satiety — used as an adjunct therapy for diabetes and weight management.
Read more →Prebiotics and Weight Management
Non-digestible fibres that feed beneficial gut bacteria — may support weight management by improving metabolism and appetite regulation through the gut-brain axis.
Read more →Prediabetes
Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet diabetic — a critical window where weight loss can reverse…
Read more →Prescription Digital Therapeutics
FDA-approved app-based therapy programmes prescribed by doctors to support weight loss through behavioural change.
Read more →Primary Obesity Surgery Endolumenal (POSE)
POSE is a non-surgical, incisionless endoscopic procedure that reduces stomach capacity to promote weight loss by helping you feel full sooner.
Read more →Probiotics and Weight Management
Probiotics are beneficial live bacteria that support gut health and may aid weight management by improving digestion, reducing inflammation, and influencing appetite hormones.
Read more →Protein Leverage Hypothesis
The protein leverage hypothesis suggests the body overeats calories from fats and carbs to meet a fixed daily protein target, which may contribute to weight…
Read more →Protein Timing
The strategic distribution of protein intake across meals to preserve muscle mass, enhance satiety, and support metabolism during weight loss.
Read more →Resistance Training
Resistance training builds muscle through exercises like weight lifting, boosting metabolism and supporting sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Resistant Starch
Resistant starch is a carbohydrate that resists digestion, feeding beneficial gut bacteria to improve blood sugar control, appetite regulation, and metabolic health.
Read more →Respiratory Quotient
Respiratory Quotient reveals whether your body is burning carbohydrates or fats for energy, helping tailor your weight management plan.
Read more →Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
Resting Metabolic Rate is the energy your body uses at complete rest — understanding it helps create personalised weight management plans.
Read more →Retatrutide
Retatrutide is an investigational triple-hormone agonist that achieved up to 24% body weight loss in clinical trials, approaching surgical-level results.
Read more →Revisional Bariatric Surgery
A second weight loss operation to address inadequate weight loss or weight regain after initial bariatric surgery.
Read more →Rimonabant
Rimonabant was the first CB1 receptor antagonist for weight loss — withdrawn due to psychiatric side effects but historically significant.
Read more →Robotic Bariatric Surgery
Robotic bariatric surgery uses a surgeon-controlled robotic platform to perform weight-loss procedures with enhanced precision, 3D vision, and smaller incisions.
Read more →SADI-S Procedure
A modern bariatric surgery combining sleeve gastrectomy with bowel bypass for significant, lasting weight loss in severe obesity.
Read more →Sarcopenic Obesity
A condition where excess body fat coexists with low muscle mass, requiring careful weight loss strategies to preserve strength and metabolic health.
Read more →SASI Bypass
SASI (Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal) Bypass is a newer metabolic surgery combining sleeve gastrectomy with intestinal bypass for significant and sustained weight loss.
Read more →Satiety
Satiety is the feeling of fullness after eating that helps control appetite — influenced by protein, fibre, and food volume.
Read more →Sedentary Behaviour
Sedentary behaviour refers to prolonged sitting or reclining with low energy expenditure, which independently increases the risk of weight gain and metabolic disease.
Read more →Self-Monitoring
Self-monitoring means tracking your food, activity, and weight — consistently linked to greater weight loss and long-term success.
Read more →Semaglutide
A GLP-1 receptor agonist medication used for weight management and type 2 diabetes.
Read more →Set Point Theory
The concept that your body defends a preferred weight range through hormonal and metabolic mechanisms, explaining why sustained weight loss requires long-term strategies.
Read more →Setmelanotide (Imcivree)
An injectable medication that treats severe obesity caused by specific rare genetic conditions by restoring the brain's fullness signal.
Read more →SGLT-2 Inhibitors and Weight
Diabetes medications that promote weight loss by causing the kidneys to excrete excess sugar through urine, resulting in a net calorie loss of 200-300 kcal…
Read more →Sibutramine
A satiety-enhancing weight-loss drug withdrawn in 2010 due to increased heart and stroke risk.
Read more →Sleep Apnoea
A sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts, often linked to obesity.
Read more →Sleep Hygiene
Sleep hygiene is the set of habits that promote quality sleep, which helps regulate hunger hormones and supports healthy weight.
Read more →Sleep Quality and Weight
Insufficient sleep disrupts hunger hormones and insulin sensitivity, making weight loss more difficult.
Read more →Sleeve Gastrectomy
Sleeve gastrectomy is a weight-loss surgery that removes about 80% of the stomach, reducing food intake and hunger hormone production.
Read more →Smoking Cessation and Weight Gain
The modest weight gain many people experience after quitting smoking, and how to manage it safely.
Read more →Social Support and Weight Loss
The role of family, friends, and group programmes in improving weight loss outcomes through accountability and encouragement.
Read more →Stress Management
Stress management is the practice of controlling stress responses that can trigger weight gain through emotional eating and hormonal changes.
Read more →Subcutaneous Fat
The soft fat layer just under your skin, generally less harmful than deep visceral fat around the organs.
Read more →Survodutide
Survodutide is a dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist in development for obesity that aims to reduce appetite and boost energy expenditure.
Read more →Tesofensine
An investigational weight loss tablet that affects three brain chemicals to suppress appetite and support metabolism.
Read more →Thermogenesis
Thermogenesis is the body's process of producing heat through metabolic activity, influencing how many calories you burn at rest and during digestion.
Read more →Thyroid Function
Thyroid function refers to how well your thyroid gland produces metabolism-regulating hormones — an underactive thyroid can cause weight gain.
Read more →Time-Restricted Eating
An eating pattern where all daily meals are consumed within an 8- to 10-hour window to support metabolic health.
Read more →Tirzepatide (Mounjaro)
A dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist injection that helps achieve significant weight loss by reducing appetite and improving blood sugar control.
Read more →Topiramate
Topiramate is a medication originally developed for epilepsy that is used off-label and in combination formulations for weight loss, primarily by reducing appetite.
Read more →Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE)
The total calories your body burns each day, used to set a personal calorie target for weight loss.
Read more →Transoral Outlet Reduction (TORe)
Transoral outlet reduction is a non-surgical endoscopic procedure that tightens the stomach-intestine connection to restore weight loss after gastric bypass.
Read more →Transpyloric Shuttle
The Transpyloric Shuttle is an endoscopic device that delays stomach emptying to promote fullness and support weight loss without surgery.
Read more →Type 2 Diabetes
A metabolic disorder where the body cannot effectively use insulin, often linked to weight.
Read more →Ultra-Processed Foods
Industrially manufactured foods linked to overeating and weight gain, and why reducing them is a cornerstone of effective weight management.
Read more →Vagal Nerve Blockade (vBloc)
Vagal nerve blockade (vBloc) is an implantable device therapy that intermittently blocks hunger signals between the brain and stomach to promote weight loss.
Read more →Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG)
An older restrictive stomach-stapling operation now largely replaced by sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass.
Read more →Vinegar and Glycaemic Response
How the acetic acid in vinegar helps lower post-meal blood sugar spikes, supporting glycaemic control and appetite regulation as part of a weight management plan.
Read more →Visceral Fat
Fat stored around internal organs — the most dangerous type of body fat.
Read more →Vitamin D and Weight Management
A nutrient often low in people with obesity, important to check and correct during a weight loss journey.
Read more →Volumetrics Diet
A dietary approach focused on low-calorie-density foods that allow larger, more satisfying portions for fewer calories.
Read more →Waist-Hip Ratio
A measure of fat distribution — central obesity indicates higher health risk.
Read more →Water Weight
Temporary fluid retention that can mask true fat loss on the scale.
Read more →Weight Cycling
Weight cycling, or yo-yo dieting, is the repeated pattern of losing and regaining weight, which can slow metabolism and make future weight loss harder.
Read more →Weight Loss Plateaus
A normal phase during weight loss where progress stalls due to metabolic adaptation and reduced energy needs.
Read more →Weight Maintenance
The long-term phase of weight management focused on sustaining weight loss through continued healthy habits, monitoring, and medical support.
Read more →Weight Stigma
Negative attitudes, stereotypes, and discrimination against people based on body weight — a barrier to seeking healthcare that independently worsens health outcomes.
Read more →Xenical (Orlistat)
A lipase inhibitor that blocks dietary fat absorption for weight management.
Read more →This library is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult Dr Joseph Wang or a qualified healthcare professional for medical concerns. Accord Medical Clinic Singapore is an MOH-registered medical clinic in Singapore.
