Energy Balance

Energy balance is the relationship between the calories you consume through food and drink and the calories your body uses for daily functions and physical activity. Weight gain happens when you take in more energy than you burn, and weight loss happens when you burn more than you consume.

Energy balance is governed by the first law of thermodynamics: body energy stores change as a function of energy intake minus energy expenditure. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) comprises resting metabolic rate (60–75%), the thermic effect of food (10%), and physical activity (15–30%). However, energy balance is dynamic — reductions in intake trigger adaptive thermogenesis that lowers expenditure, underscoring the complexity of sustained weight loss beyond simple calorie counting.

Understanding energy balance helps you make informed choices about diet and activity. Dr. Joseph Wang uses metabolic assessments to personalise your energy targets for effective, sustainable weight loss.